Lock



Nouv

F. E. BEST LOCK Filed March 1e. 1922 unil ll'g.

Patented Nov. 17,

UNITED STATES I y 31,561,771 PATENT oFFlcE;

:FRANKV ELLISON BEST, OF-SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, ASSIGNOB TO FRANK E.` BEST,-

INC., OF SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, A CORPORATION F WASHINGTON.

` Loox.

Application and maren 1e, 1922. serial No. 544,918.

This invention relates to improvements in locks, and more particularly to locks of that character described and illustrated in United States Patent No. 1,384,022, issued to me on Jul 5,1921.,

The principal objects ofthe presentinvention are: First, to provide a more simplified, less expensive and more desirable construction, than in the previous lock, yet retaining all its advantages and desirable features; second, to provide a lock construc tion that may be more easily and more readily disassembled, if such should be desired for the re-setting of combinations; third, to provide a locking gate of a more simplified construction than before used.

In accomplishing these andi. other objects of the invention, I have. provided the mproved details of construction, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying` drawings, whereinv Figure 1 is a vertical, longitudinal section taken centrally through the lock, with a key in position for operating the primary locking mechanism. l

Figure 2 is a transverse, sectional view through the lock, taken onl the line 2 2 in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is an inner end view of the lock.

Figure 4 is a horizontal, sectional view `taken on the line 4-4 of Figure 2, with the core removed illustrating the manner of and means for securing the lock housing 'against unauthorized removal.

Figure 5 is a horizontal section on the line 5 5 in Figure 2, particularly illustrating the manner of'locking the core to the face plate.

the-locking gate and a portion of the key plug sleeve.

Referring more in detail to the several4 views of the drawings, wherein like refer- 5 ner end as shown at 2, and provided about Figure 6' is a detail, perspectiveviewvofk its outer end with a collar?. that is fixed thereto in any suitable manner and which 1s adapted, when the housing ist inserted 'within a dgor or the like deslgnated at 4,

to seat against the outer face thereof or against an escutcheon plate 5 which .would v be secured to the door. IVhen the housing is inserted, its inner ende-is threaded within an opening in the wall plate 6 of a latch casing withinthe door, as is shown in Figure 1, and, in order that it may be secured against unauthorized removal, I have provided a bore 7, leading from Aa. point' Vjust within the opening through the housing which is provided for the insertionv o'f the 70 core as will be'presently disclosed, at an in-V cline tothe outer-side lof the housing and provided with a threaded outerendportion wherein a locking .screw 8 is threaded, with its outer endproj'ecting from the housing and seatedwithina notch` 9 in the plate 6,

`as is shown in Figures 4 and 5, to prevent any possible unthreading, or turning of the. housin It will beapparentthat after the J core o the lock is inserted, access to the screw 8 is impossible, and therefore, un'- screwing of the housing can not be faccom plished. f s

A lock core .10, which contains both a primary and secondary locking mechanism and which has a cross sectional shape,`somev1 what similar to that of a figure 8, is slidably fitted within a correspondingly shaped opening 4longitudinally7 throu h the housing 1. The primary locklngl mec anism in this instance, as in the former patent, performs the usualfunctions of a lock, while the secondary locking mechanism controls the movement of the .gate whereby the core is retained within the housing.

Secured to the forward end of the core .10, is a circular face plate 11, provided on .its inner surface with two parallel ribs 12 14 provided, at its forward end, with an annular shoulder 15 whereby its inward movement is limited and, at its inner end, has secured thereto a throw bar 16. The lower end ot this bar is secured, by means of rivets as indicated at 17, to the end of the plug and its edges extend somewhat beyond the peripheral edges of the plugv to serve as a means for preventing removal of the plug from the core. The throw portion of the vbar is restricted to such length that, when movement with respect thereto within a` pocket 19 longitudinally of the key plug opening, isa gate bar 20 provided adjacent its -inner end. with a laterally extending shoulder 21 (see Figure 6) that is adapted, when the gate is in locking position, to fit within a recess 22 formed at the inner end of the core opening within the housing 1.

The lock is provided withvpin tumbler locking mechanism; the pins, designated at 24,

' being contained within tumbler barrels 25 of which there areI six in this instance, and

. which are drilled downwardly from the upas shown in Figure 2. This provides that the per surface of the core through the gate bar and into the key plug, the barrels being formed whenthe gate is in locking position,

i pins within the barrels will retain the gate in locked position, except at suchV times when a key is inserted for the actuation of the secondary locking mechanism, as will presently be described.

I also provide ejector holes 25 through the lower portion of the core and key plug, in alinement with the barrels 25 through which an instrument may be projected to facilitate the ejectionof the pins from the barrels when desired that they be removed.

Each of the locking pins has two or more breaks which, in the different pins, would be at different positions, and at their lower ends, the pins rest upon balls 26. A keyhole 27 throughthe plug cuts through the lower ends of the barrels so that, when a key as' designated at 28, is inserted it will actuate the pins through contact vwith the balls. Coiled springs 29 are located in the upper ends of the barrels to bear downwardly against thepins'so that they will always be retained `in functional position.

It will be mentioned here that, in this construction, the throw bar 16 is provided with an opening 27 for receiving the end of the key and the keys are shouldered as at 28 to engage the bar which thereby serves as a stop to limit the inward movement of the key and to properly position it for the actuation of the locking tumblers.

In the present lock, the shearing line of' the primary locking mechanism is the upper surface of the key plug, and the shearing line of the secondary locking mechanism is the upper edge of the gate. Then a suitable key is inserted so as'to aline a break in all of the pins with the upper surface of the key plug, the latter may then be rotated to actuate the doorlocking mechanism through the movement of the throw bar 16. Likewise, when a suitable key is inserted whereby a break in each pin is alined with the upper surface of the gate, the latter, since it will then be turned with the plug, will be moved to unseat the gate shoulder from within the .wardly on the key.

Upon withdrawing thecorc, the sections of the several barrels may be re-alined after moving the gate to locking position, and then the pins may be removed if this is desired for the purpose of changing the combination of the device, or for the purpose of disassembling the parts of the lock.

There is a sleeve 30 litted about, and extending the length of the plug 16 (see Figure 2) which has a longitudinal opening along its upper side. The edges of this opening are seated within shoulders formed along opposite side edges of the gate bar. This sleeve serves as a means for preventing the smaller tumblers from possible displacement from those portions of the barrels within theplug and becoming lodged within the gate opening at the side of the gate; it isl apparent that this might be possible, without such a sleeve, if the plug was rotated approximately 15 degrees to the left as the breaks ofthe pins may be varied with respect to their distance from the lower ends of the pins, a great number of different combinations for the primary locking mechanism may be obtained without changingV the combination for. the secondary locking mechanism. Likewise, by varying the upper tumblers of each pin, so as to change the distance of the upper breaks from the upper ends of the pins, a great many dir'erent combinations may be obtained for the secondary locking mechanism.

It is readily appa-redt that the present lock retains all the advantages allorded by the previous lock mentioned, in a simplified, more easilyl made and assembled construction, and ata smaller cost. l

It is furtherapparent that the lock screw positively will prevent removal of the lock what I claim as new therein and desire to secure by Letters-Patent, is:

1. 'In a pin tumbler lock, alock core having a key plug recess and having aligned transverse perforations at opposite sidesof said `recess affording unobstructed passageways through said lock core for pin ejecting f tools.

ing, a core removable from the housing, a

y the gate bar, and into the plug;` said pinsl 2. Ina pin tumbler lock, a lock core having a key plug recess extending lengthwise thereof and a key plug operable in said recess, said key plug having transverse perforations and said lock core having diametf.

rieally opposite, transverse rforations arranged to align with the per orations in said key plug to Vafford unobstructed passageways through said lock core for pin ejeeting tools. a

3. In a look of the class described, a houskey plug having a throw bar fixed thereto, rotatably fixed within the core, a gate bar disposed within the core adjacent the plug and havinga shoulder thereon engageable with the housing to normally prevent removal of the core therefrom, a series of pin tumblers extendingwithin the core, through having breaks adapted, by the insertion of suitable keys within the plug, to be alined with the shear line between the plug and the gate bar to permit rotationof the plug without effecting movement of the gate, or to be alined with the shear line between the gate and the core to permit movement of the gate with the plug to effect its release from the housing and permit removal of the core.

4. In a pin tumbler lock mechanism,` a

' housing, a core releasably locked within the housing, a key plug rotatable within the core; said core and plug having registering pin tumbler receiving barrels opening at one side o`f the core and having ejector holes opening from the other side of the core for receiving a. pin ejectin tool.

5. In a pin tumbler ocking mechanism, a housing having a forward end recess, a core releasably locked within the housing and containing a pin tumbler locking mechanism, a face plate fitted within said housing recess and having a dovetailed connection with the forwar endof the core, a key plug rotatable in the core having a dered forward end preventing inward movement and a key stop fixed to its inner end overlapping the core to prevent outward movement and having a part normally overlapping the housing as a prevention against removal of the core.

6. In lock mechanism of the class described shoulvplug for rotation,

a key plug having a key slot extending therethrough and two integral rivets formed on the end of said key plug on opposite sides of said key slot,

In lock mechanism of the class described a key plug having a key slot extending therethrough. two integral rivets formed on thev end of said key plug ou opposite sides of said key slot and a throw member secured to said key plug by said rivets.

-8. In combination, a lock casing'having a threaded opening and a` notch adjacent the opening, a lock housing threaded at one end into the opening and a locking screw threaded from within the housing with its outer end extending therefrom into the notch, for the purpose set forth.

9. In combination, a lock casing having a threaded opening and a notch opening thereinto, a lock housing having an opening therein for receiving a core and having a screw hole leading from said opening to the exterior threaded surface of the housing, and `a lock screw threaded into said hole to extend from the housing into said notch, and a core fixed within the housing to normally prevent access to the screw.

10. yIn a lock of the class described, a housing having an opening therein for receiving a core, and having a recess at its outer end, a core mounted within the opening, a face plate having dove-tailed connection with the outer end of the core and seated within said recess, and locking mech'- anism within the core engageable with the housing to prevent outward movement of 'the core, or removal of the face plate.

11. In a locking mechanism, a housing, a core removable from tahe housing, a key plug rotatable in the core and a key controlled gate for normally locking the core within the housing comprising a. sleeve rotatably fitted about the plug and a bar disposed longitudinally of the plug and fitted thereto and having a shoulder adapted to loekingly engage the housing.

12. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a core removable from the hons-A ing, a key plug, rotatably within the core having a throw bar :fixed thereto, a gate comprising a sleeve that is fitted rotatably to the plug and having a longitudinal opening along'one side and a gate bar fitted to the plug within said sleeve opening; said bar having a shoulder thereon engageable with thehousing to normally prevent removal of the core therefrom, and key con` trolled means normally retaining the gate against movement and the plug against rotation, -and operable to effect release of the orto release the gate for movement to disengage the housing. v

13. In a lock of the classl described, a housin a core removable from the housing an having a key plug opening, therein, u

one side of the openin Jfor a key-plug tted having a throw a pocket along receiving a locking gate, within the core opening, bar Xed thereto, a gate bar disposed within the pocket and movable rotatably on the plug and having a shoulder thereon engageable with the housing to normally prevent removal of the 'core therefrom, key actuated tumbler mechanism mounted Within the core and extending through the gate bar and into the plug for normally retaining the gate against movement and the plug against rotation, and operable, by the insertion of different keys Within the plug, to

'pocket Will be prevented.

el'ectthe release of the plug Jfor rotation 15 vvithout releasing the gate and or eecting release of the gatefor movement with the plug to disengage the gate from the'housing and permit removal of the core, and a sleeve fitted about the key plug and having a longitudinal opening, the edges of which are fitted against opposite longitudinal edges of the gate, whereby displacement of the tumblers from the plug Within the Signed at Seattle, day of March, 1922.

FRANK Washington, this' 11th ELLIsoN BEST.l 

